Floods in the State of Pará and Amapá (PAP014957)

Código

PAP014957

Autores

Dianne Danielle Farias Fonseca, claudio szlafsztein

Tema

Urban Floods

Resumo

Floods in the States of Pará and Amapá In the states of Pará and Amapá many municipalities are affected annually by hydrological events, whether gradual floods, floods or river floods. These events generate large economic and social losses to the state and federal governments. Since 2011 the Geological Survey of Brazil performs projects for flood mapping in these states, from the scale 1:2,500,000 to scale of 1:1,000, these actions are part of the new policy on disaster management from the federal government. For the Geodiversity Project of the State of Pará (1:8,000,000 scale) was conducted a historical research in the Official Gazette of the State of Pará from 1992 to 2009, which features the publication of 528 municipal emergency decrees, approved by the Government of the State, due to disasters originated, mainly, by the occurrence of floods, riverine and pluvial erosion, floods, windstorms, storms, droughts and landslides (Mateus et al, 2007; . Szlafsztein and Torres, 2009; Szlafsztein and Fonseca, 1998; Szlafsztein and Fonseca, 2005; Albuquerque, 2011, Pereira, 2001). The data were entered into a geographic information system and the integrated information analysis allowed the identification and study of areas affected by natural disasters in the last 17 years. The results showed that the state of Pará is affected by 14 types of natural disasters: overflowing, flood of river, landslides, spates, landslides caused by pluvial action, erosion, riverine erosion, drought, heavy rains, flooding, high tide, period of drought, storm and gale. The events of strictly hydrological character affected 63 counties in the state of Pará, between the years 1992-2009. The susceptibility map of the state of Amapá (scale 1:2,500,000) was generated in GIS (Geographic Information System) platform, and was based mainly on geomorphological, geological and drainage maps, as well as SRTM images and bibliographic searches. It was possible to verify 12 categories of susceptibility to threats of natural disasters, including drought , flooding by tide, pluvial flooding, mass movements, coastal erosion and siltation. Historical series of 10 years, from 2002 to 2011, based on decrees of a state of calamity and public emergency which presents the record of 10 between flood events, gradual floods, heavy rains and erosion. The mapping of risk to floods and mass movements in 1:10,000 scale started in 2012 in the states of Pará and Amapá, in these two years 32 counties have already been mapped, 30 in the state of Pará and 2 in the state of Amapá. Of 32 cities mapped in the state of Pará, 26 show risk to natural hydrological events.