Mapping of Areas Vulnerable to Critical Hydrological Events as a Basis for Natural Disasters Risks Management (PAP014835)

Código

PAP014835

Autores

OTHON FIALHO DE OLIVEIRA, Joaquim Guedes Correa Gondim Filho, Márcia Regina Silva Cerqueira Coimbra, ALESSANDRA DAIBERT COURI

Tema

Urban Floods

Resumo

Floods are natural phenomena. In Brazil, their impacts are increased due to disordered territory occupation associated with lack and inadequacy of infrastructure. According to data from the National Secretary of Civil Defence - SEDEC, 30,000 natural disasters occurrences were recorded in the country between 1991-2010: 50% related to dry season and droughts, 30% to flash floods and 10% to gradual flooding. In 2012, federal government of Brazil initiated the National Plan of Risk Management and of Reaction to Natural Disasters. The National Water Agency - ANA is the institution in Brazil responsible for water resources management under federal jurisdiction. It is tasked with planning and promoting actions to either prevent or minimize floods effects. Thus, the actions of ANA in the former plan are more directly related to mapping and monitoring. ANA has developed the Atlas of Floods Vulnerability which is aimed to identify Brazilian rivers stretches subject to flooding and to estimate qualitatively the frequency and impact to indicate the vulnerability of these regions to flooding. ANA has also developed studies for a Flood Forecasting System and a Structural Interventions System to mitigate the floods effects in support of the Committee for Paraíba do Sul River Basin Integration - CEIVAP, placed in one of the most economically developed regions of the country. As a result, it can be mentioned the maps of depth, risk and warning of floods, which define urban areas subjected to greater impacts of these events. The mapping of risk areas is one of the basic elements for natural disasters risks management. However, the actions effectiveness depends on the articulation capacity of the institutions involved to the development and implementation of the actions and also depends on the integration of various public policies: Civil Defense, Environmental, Forestry, Water Resources, Urban, Education, etc. The collaboration among public and private entities and the society is another key element in this process because there is not a widespread understanding that the society is also responsible for the natural disasters impacts, since they often undergo to risk situations.