Flood Risk Management in the United States Under Presidential Policy Directive 8 (PAP014373)

Código

PAP014373

Autores

Ray Alexander, Stephanie Bray

Tema

Flood resilient societies through community preparedness

Resumo

In March of 2011 President Barak Obama released Presidential Policy Directive (PPD-8): National Preparedness. This directive established a new framework for national preparedness, including disaster management, across the Federal government. The overall goal of PPD-8 was to strengthen the security and resilience of the United States through systematic preparation for the threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the Nation, including acts of terrorism, cyber attacks, pandemics, and catastrophic natural disasters." PPD-8 called for the development of a national preparedness goal to identify core capabilities required for preparedness as well as a national preparedness system in order to guide and track activities that enable the achievement of the Nation's goals. Five national planning frameworks and Federal interagency operational plans were also called for in PPD-8 to identify the roles and responsibilities of those Federal agencies with roles and responsibilities in the five mission areas of preparedness (Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery). The Federal agencies involved in flood risk management have been involved in the development and execution of the Mitigation, Response, and Recovery frameworks and operational plans. These frameworks assign roles and responsibilities to each of the participating agencies for each stage of flood risk management and improve the definition of relationships between the agencies involved. This has improved Federal leadership in flood risk management, and other natural disaster management, in partnership with state and local government agencies, the private sector, and other partners. Changes in the structure of and approach to Federal flood risk management due to PPD-8 and each of these frameworks will be discussed in detail in this paper. Changes in the understanding of mitigation of flood risk due to the National Mitigation Framework in particular will be discussed. Further, examples of implementation of these frameworks, such as for Superstorm Sandy, will be provided and analyzed."