Research on Urban Flood Situation and Strategy and Policy of Urban Integrated Flood Management in China (PAP014341)

Código

PAP014341

Autores

Song Han, Xiaotao Cheng

Tema

Urban Floods

Resumo

In recent decade, urban flood situation is becoming more and more serious as China's rapid urbanization. By the end of 2012, China's urban population had accounted for 52.57 percent of the country's total population. However, China's urbanization rate was only 19.39% in 1980 and 36.22% in 2000. China has 661 cities with a municipal people's government, of which 129 cities with urban population more than one million. Since 2006, more than 100 cities in China had been inundated in flood waters every year, in particular, 258 cities inundated in 2010 and 184 cities inundated in 2012. Many field researches were conducted in nine cities of China, representing different regions, different levels of economic development and different hydrogeological conditions. At the same time many important historical documents of urban flood were also reviewed. In this paper, China's urban flood situation was generally introduced, and China's urban flood management problems were intensively analyzed, including the problems of organization and legal system, urban flood control planning, construction management of urban flood control works, and emergency management of urban flood. Subsequently, the research on strategy and policy of China's Urban Integrated Flood Management (UIFM) was carried out based on the domestic and overseas experiences. According to flood risk analysis theory, Risk Triangle consists of three elements which are hazard, exposure and vulnerability. In the study of strategy and policy of UIFM, regulation and control measures, adaptation measures and emergency measures were comprehensively proposed as countermeasures to these three risk elements and a combination of them. The countermeasures mainly include: (1) to increase investment in construction of urban flood control system; (2) to strengthen cooperation among the relevant government departments; (3) to make sustainable planning of urban flood control system; (4) to enhance water and land use management based on risk analysis; (5) to develop scientific flood emergency plans. Moreover, it is necessary to promote "low-impact development" in urban area, and it is urgent to enhance management of underground works and other weak flood control works in flood period. In order to promote strategy and policy of UIFM, several good recommendations were also presented, including: (1) to enhance integrated management of urban and rural area; (2) to improve flood control organization system to adapt rapid urbanization; (3) to raise the public's awareness of flood risk; (4) to ensure stable investment in urban flood control; (5) and to carry out research of UIFM. In this paper, the strategy and policy system of UIFM were well established based on comprehensive risk analysis. A lot of feasible countermeasures and practical recommendations were put forward to ensure steady and rapid development of national economy.