INFILTRAÇÃO E PARÂMETROS FÍSICOS DE LATOSSOLO EM SISTEMAS AGROPECUÁRIOS CONVENCIONAIS E CONSERVACIONISTAS

Código

PAP056

Autores

Dorly Scariot Pavei, Felipe Das Neves Monteiro, Roniedison da Silva Menezes, Wander Cardoso Valim, Sonia Armbrust Rodrigues, Júlio Cesar Salton, Eloi Panachuki

Tema

HIDROSSEDIMENTOLOGIA NO CONTEXTO DO NEXO

Resumo

Soil cultivation over the years has been modifiedall over the planet. This has caused the most diverse effects on soil structure and plant development in agricultural areas. The present study had as objective to quantify the infiltration of water in the soil and its relation with the physical attributesin different systems of agricultural management in two decades of experiment. The work was developed in experimental area present at Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, in Dourados-MS. The treatments evaluated were: conventional tillage (CP), no-tillage (PD) cultivation, pasture cultivation in crop-livestock integration (ILPP), crop cultivation in crop-livestock integration (ILPL), pasture permanent (PP). Soil samples were collected for physical analysis of density, total porosity, macroporosity, soil microporosity, penetration resistance, texture, relative density and total organic carbon. To quantify the infiltration of water in the soil, the precipitation intensity of 60 mm h -1was applied using a portable rainfall simulator. The PD, ILPP and PP systems had an infiltration rate of 54.3, 50.71 and 28.8 mm h-1, respectively. The ILPL system presented 2.53% and the PC 1.84% of total organic carbon (TOC). In the long term, no-tillage and conventional tillage systems increase compaction and cause negative impacts on soil physical quality in the depth of 0.10 -0.20 m. While the permanent pasture generates the same effect in the first 0.05 m of the soil. Conservation systems favor the infiltration of water into the soil. The no-tillage system showed greater efficiency in infiltration, increasing by 92% the infiltration when compared to permanent pasture. Surface compaction (permanent pasture) has a greater effect on the restriction of infiltration speed and on the reduction of accumulated infiltration when compared to sub-surface compaction (no-tillage system).