CONCEPÇÃO DOS RISCOS E DA VULNERABILIDADE AMBIENTAL NA REGIÃO ESTUARINA DA LAGOA DE ARARUAMA, RJ

Código

END135

Autores

René Sena García, VIVIANE JAPIASSÚ VIANA, VINICIUS MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA

Tema

6 - Estudos de caso de grandes desastres

Resumo

Environmental changes in the coastal environment are varied and complex; however, they are all related to human concentration. In order to know the effects of the environmental impacts in coastal zones, the risk and the vulnerability of these regions to the processes of erosion, pollution, the action of the geomorphological parameters, oceanographic, and the anthropic works, that interfere in the physical characteristics of the region are analyzed. The objective is to apply a risk assessment methodology to areas impacted by sedimentological processes and anthropogenic actions in the estuarine region of the Itajurú channel, in the Araruama lagoon, in Rio de Janeiro. It has been found, that it is not easy to establish a cause and effect relationship when external and internal agents are considered separately from anthropic actions. However, the environmental risk assessment carried out in an isolated or integrated way is a fundamental tool in the choice of more effective remediation measures for the reorganization and environmental adjustment of areas with evident signs of degradation, allowing to highlight the vulnerabilities of the region with the internal entities and external. Siltation is a natural phenomenon of coastal lagoons. All tend to disappear over thousands of years. It occurs that in the estuary zone of the Itajurú channel this process has been accelerated, due to inadequate coastal works, landfills, removal of the vegetation of Cabo Frio? sandbanks and the deforestation of the basin, causing obstructions in the channel and consequently the loss of hydrodynamic exchange between the sea and the lagoon. The environmental risk assessment is still very limited, but the mathematical simulation of the tide highlighted the need to open the channel, with emphasis on the analysis that the risk can contribute to the analysis of the vulnerability of coastal zones, greatly increasing the value of the evaluation results for decision making by providing risk estimates for relevant hazard situations. The need to recover these regions should be emphasized because it represents a scenario of economic activity and population concentration that has been suffering from the intensification of erosion and pollution.