CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HYDROGRAPHY AND APPS OF THE SUB-BASINS OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF JAMBEIRO, SP

Código

I-EBHE0120

Autores

oscarina teodora prado santos silva, Guilherme Souza da Silva, Ana Paula Dal'Asta

Tema

WG 2.6: Water systems analysis for integrated planning & management

Resumo

The study aims to characterize the Paraíba do Sul Basin in the municipality of Jambeiro, located in the Upper Paraíba do Sul region, identifying its main sub-basins and analyzing land use and cover. The hydrographic network and permanent preservation areas (APPs) were obtained from the Brazilian Foundation for Sustainable Development. The characterization of native vegetation and land use was based on sub-watershed divisions and the processing of data from various sources, compiled and analyzed in detail. Five sub-basins were identified, of which 29.45% are APPs associated with watercourses. Native vegetation covers 36.35% of these APPs (3,449.5 ha). Generally, native vegetation in the basins covers between 35% and 40% of the APPs, except in the Varadouro River and Francos River basins. In the Varadouro River basin, less than 20% of the APPs have native vegetation, while in the Francos River basin, this percentage is 46.7%. Notably, four of the municipality's eight largest forest remnants are located in the Francos River basin. The main pressure factors in the APPs of Jambeiro include land parceling, urban expansion, livestock farming, and silviculture. The Piraí River sub-basin, although having the largest area, does not present the highest percentage of APPs or Legal Reserve, with more than 50% of the area dominated by pastures. The development of consolidated native vegetation indicates improvements in environmental conservation, possibly resulting from the dissemination of sustainable soil management practices and policies, even with the increase in agricultural and pasture areas. The predominance of pastures in the APPs compromises the local water quality and quantity in all basins. Therefore, constant monitoring of land use and cover changes is essential as an effective tool for territorial planning. Additionally, environmental education activities aimed at farmers and the local community, along with the gradual recovery of riparian forests, are fundamental to enhancing the environmental quality of the sub-basins. These measures, based on sustainable land use practices and the improvement of hydrological conditions, are crucial for maintaining the region's hydrology and, consequently, the Paraíba do Sul Basin.